Then he will turn his attention to the
coastlands and will take many of them, but a commander will put an end to his
insolence and will turn his insolence back upon him. After this, he will turn
back toward the fortresses of his own country but will stumble and fall, to be
seen no more.
His successor will send out a tax
collector to maintain the royal splendor. In a few years, however, he will be
destroyed, yet not in anger or in battle. (Daniel 11:18-20)
After
Antiochus III defeated Scopas, at Panium and Sidon, Antiochus III got involved
in a war against Pergamum and the island of Rhodes. The situation was complicated
because the Rhodians appealed to the Romans for help and Hannibal (previously
exiled) joined Antiochus as a military advisor. In 196 BC, Antiochus crossed the Hellespont and
the Aegean and conquered a good chunk of Thrace. The "coastlands"
(usually "islands") included all areas contiguous to the seacoast.
When
asked for assistance against Macedon and the Peloponnesians, Antiochus III sent
a small naval force that wasn't effective. Those who sought aid turned against
him and with the help of the Romans, overwhelmed Antiochus' troops at
Thermopylae Antiochus withdrew from the area. The Romans followed him and defeated him with a smaller military
force in 190-189. His "insolence" met with disaster.
The Roman who commanded this force was
Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus, brother to Publius Cornelius Scipio
Africanus, who had brilliantly defeated Hannibal at Zama in 202 B.C. Among the
peace terms dictated to Antiochus was turning over twenty select hostages to
guarantee his obedience. One of those was his second son, Antiochus IV.
The "tax collector" of verse
20 was Heliodorus. He was sent out by Seleucus IV (Philopator) the eldest son
of Antiochus III. A traitorous Jew named
Simon supposedly sent word of the
treasures of the Temple, and Antiochus, being desperate for funds, set
Heliodorus to get it; however, Heliodorus had a vision of mighty angels
assaulting and flogging him. He abandoned his quest to confiscate the money, went
back home, and poisoned Seleucus IV.
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